Essay On Trump Move To End Daca And Calls On Congress To Act

Trump Moves to End DACA and Calls on Congress to Act On September 5, 2017, Michael D. Shear and Julie Hirschfeld Davis wrote the article, Trump Moves to End DACA and Calls on Congress to Act. On this day, President Donald Trump said that he would be putting an end to the DACA Program that was created during Barack Obama’s Presidency. President Trump is now discussing the issue of revoking DACA due to his early comments in the election about immigration laws, â€Å"The announcement was an effort by Mr. Trump to honor the law-and-order message of his campaign, which included a repeated pledge to end Mr. Obama’s immigration policy, while seeking to avoid the emotionally charged and politically perilous consequences of targeting a sympathetic group†¦show more content†¦The authors are able to avoid logical fallacies by only giving out the needed information and quoting necessary people. Overall, the article gives accurate information that readers will find necessary about what President Trump wants to do with the DA CA program. The authors are able to incorporate both stances on the DACA issue, by doing this, they are able to prevent strong or discernible biases of the topic. Shear and Davis included both stances by quoting opposing people’s opinions. For example, they quoted President Donald Trump, who intends to revoke DACA, he says that the reason for his concern about DACA is, â€Å"the millions of Americans victimized by this unfair job system.† But the authors also quote former President Barack Obama, who helped create the DACA program, when he heard of Trump’s plan he stated, â€Å"Whatever concerns or complaints Americans may have about immigration in general, we shouldn’t threaten the future of this group of young people who are here through no fault of their own, who pose no threat, who are not taking away anything from the rest of us.† The quotes are able to give the reader an unbiased perspective of the topic. Criticism is only shown in the article when the aut hors quote other people, either criticizing DACA or criticizing the people trying to revoke it. Donald Trump and Jeff Sessions criticize DACA, but Mark Zuckerberg, Marielena Hincapie, and

Huckleberry Finn Sweet Home Mississippi Free Essays

Christian Morganstern once explained, â€Å"home is not where you live, but where you understand yourself† (Morgenstern 1). The transcendentalist finds his home, and therefore himself, not in civilization, but in nature. In Mark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Huck runs away from his â€Å"civilized† home to the Mississippi River to seek refuge. We will write a custom essay sample on Huckleberry Finn: Sweet Home Mississippi or any similar topic only for you Order Now Much like Thoreau going to Walden’s pond to escape the corruption of society, Huck finds solace on the river. Only when he goes ashore does the peace and tranquility of the River get interrupted by people and society. Ironically, they travel down the Mississippi toward the corrupt slave culture of the pre-Civil War South. The journey on the river symbolizes Huck’s escape from the immorality of society into an idealistic, or utopian home on the raft where he can develop his own moral beliefs while the southward direction represents the ultimate inescapability of society. Although the Mighty Mississippi represents Huck’s sanctuary, it ironically propels Jim and him southward toward the very slave culture they are trying to escape. Resembling Marlow’s adventure on the Thames in Joseph’ Conrad’s The Heart of Darkness, the Mississippi transports Huck toward evil. While traveling into the Heart of Darkness, â€Å"the air was dark above Gravesend, and farther back still seemed condensed into mournful gloom, brooding motionless over†¦ † (Conrad 1). Although the circumstances differ, the idea that they are traveling down hints that they are bound for hell or in the direction of evil. In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn the evil they are headed towards is slavery. As they travel down the river, the world around them becomes increasingly chaotic. In the antebellum South, Huck witnesses this disarray first hand when Colonel Sherburn shoots Boggs. Sherburn explains to Huck that people â€Å"in the South†¦ think [they] are braver than any other people–whereas [they’re] just AS brave, and no braver. Why don’t juries hang murderers? Because they’re afraid the man’s friends will shoot them in the back, in the dark–and it’s just what they WOULD do† (Twain 149). This passage is Twain making a reference to the Ku Klux Klan. He vicariously speaks through Sherburn, a Northerner, to convey with judgments of the corrupted South. As Huck travels further South, Twain†¦ However, as long as Huck and Jim stayed away from civilization, they were untouched by the evils of society. This suggests that maybe it is not the direction they are headed, but rather the people who lived upon the shores that are evil. As long as they stay on the raft, their own little lifeboat, Huck and Jim were untouched by the wickedness that dwelled around them. Thoreau, a Transcendental author, reinforces this reverence for nature when he explains that â€Å"Nature [is] not our foe, but an ally, not a dark force to be beaten back, but a marvelous force to be admired† (Garner 1). Nature acted as a sanctuary for Huck, and he felt more at home on the Mississippi than with the unethical people of society. Whenever Huck leaves his raft, his symbolic Walden sanctuary, and came to shore, he ran was faced with the corruption of society. The first time this occurred is when they met the King and the Duke. Not long after, Huck realizes that â€Å"these liars warn’t no kings nor dukes, at all, but just low-down humbugs and frauds,† but puts up with them for Jim’s protection (Twain 128). These two men would put on shows and con people out of their money and then run away. As soon as Huck could, he planned on leaving them behind so Jim and he could go back to their peaceful times on the river. In addition, when floating down the river Huck is able to define his own morals away from the pressures of society. The river is not just an unknowing, unfeeling body of water, but becomes the catalyst to assist Huck with his moral growth. He learns that â€Å"a sound heart is a surer guide than an ill-trained conscience† and that he should listen himself and not the ways of his more civilized elders (Hammond 3). Over the coarse of the novel, Huck finds a home and his morals while traveling down the Mississippi River. Although the people on the shores try to civilize and make him conform to their evil ways, he refuses because the river has become his asylum. How to cite Huckleberry Finn: Sweet Home Mississippi, Papers

Research story free essay sample

Elizabethan Feminist Independence and Freedoms The character of Elizabeth Bennett portrays startling unique and individualistic personality traits throughout her story in Jane Students Pride and Prejudice. Indeed, Austin uses Elizabethan frank nature to challenge traditional notions of gender. Unlike other romantic heroines, Austin chooses to depict Elizabeth as a level headed, deductive, and observation individual who is objectively distant from her social world. Thus, Pride and Prejudice challenges traditional notions of female stereotypes through the actions of Elizabeth Bennett. From the very start of the novel, Austin makes it clear that Elizabeth is an original character that is different from other female counterparts. Although Elizabeth resides in a family with four other daughters, her father makes it known that he favors her when he states, They have none of them much to recommend them, they are all silly and ignorant, like other girls; but Lezzy has something more of quickness than her sisters (Austin 4). We will write a custom essay sample on Research story or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The quickness in mind comes from the close personal relationship that Elizabeth shares with Mr.. Bennett. In her article The Humiliation of Elizabeth Bennett, Susan Frisian wows how this father-daughter relationship shapes and empowers Elizabeth. Many of Mr.. Bonnets socially aloof traits remain imprinted on his daughter because of Elizabethan close personal relationship. Frisian describes Elizabeth as Mr.. Bonnets heir, because he bequeaths to Elizabeth his ironic distance from the world, his habit of studying and appraising those around him, his role of social critic (357). Both characters are content to isolate themselves away from their social world. While Mr.. Bennett retreats to his library, Elizabeth remains objective in forming romantic legislations. It is important to note the similar characteristics that Elizabeth and Mr.. Bennett share. Elizabeth herself is able to manifest these objective and individualistic traits in her attempt to assert herself. Elizabeth is an unconventional character because she is able to act in an unfeminine manner. For instance, while her sisters decided to visit Jane in a Cambridge, Elizabeth chose to walk cross-country. As Austin explains, Elizabeth, feeling really anxious, was determined to go to her, though the Cambridge was not to be had; and as she was no horsewoman, walking was her only alternative. She declared her resolution (24). The reason that Elizabeth chose to walk was simply out of convenience. She did not mind being unaccompanied nor crossing the treacherous territory. Elizabeth merely chose to assert her freedom and independence upon her sisters. Knowing that they would take a detour, Elizabeth chose the fastest option: to walk to the mansion. However, as Austin denotes, Elizabeth continued her walk alone, crossing field after field at a quick pace, Jumping over stiles and springing over puddles with impatient activity Finding herself with rare ankles, dirty stockings, and a face glowing with the warmth of exercise (24). Tired, but satisfied over her accomplishment, Elizabeth demonstrates to her hosts her independent nature. The mark of dirt and grime worn on her dress indicates her symbols of freedom. Again, the only reasons Elizabeth can partake in these kinds of relations are due to the close paternal relationship she shares with her father. According to Frisian, Through her father, Elizabeth gains provisional access to certain authorial powers Because seen is less a daughter than a surrogate son, by paving up her mother and giving in to the father, she reaps the spoils of maleness (358). Thus, Elizabeth is able to adopt male characteristics (ex. Speaking up, romping through muddy areas, abstaining from romantic relationships) because of she emulates her fathers characteristics of social isolation and objectivity. Austin describes Elizabeth as her novels sharpest and wittiest characters. However, Austin still chooses to revolve the majority of her plot around the theme of marriage. Elizabeth herself is included in the romantic courting attempts occurring between characters. Austin shows three characters (Mr.. Hickman, Mr.. Dared, and Mr.. Collins) who demonstrate romantic interest in her protagonist. Nevertheless, Elizabeth is quick to shut down all advances from potential suitors. Austin even provides Elizabeth with a scathing response to Mr.. Collins repeated advances when she states, l am perfectly serious in my refusal. You could not make me happy, and I am convinced that I am the last woman in the world who would make you so (80). Elizabeth obviously fed up with Mr.. Collins audacity and aggression, chooses to provide the latter with a frank and honest answer. Austin, throughout the novel, shows Elizabeth having no mercy when speaking her mind to other characters. She does not concern herself with rank and privilege, only with what she sees as the truth. Even the eloquent Mr.. Dared is at a loss of words for Elizabethan verbal proficiency. Frisian notes that Each time Dared opens his mouth; he is superseded by a speech of greater length and vehemence where Elizabeth answers his question with a tougher question of her own (361). Thus, Elizabeth is able to challenge conventional gender stereotypes through her ability to engage in conversation and skillfully reject proposals made by unsuitable individuals. Students Pride and Prejudice erodes gender stereotypes because of its titular character Elizabeth Bennett. The protagonist is able to express her individuality and frankness thanks in part to the close relationship she shares with her father. Elizabeth is able to emulate her fathers objectivity into her own way of seeing the world. A sense of empowerment through this view allows Elizabeth to be brutally honest with any character she deals with. She is able to look past her societys pressure to conform and see the wider picture of the ridiculousness of her sister and others desire for marriage. Essentially, Austin uses Elizabeth as an interchangeable character who is able to move in and out of her social universe. As Frisian describes, Elizabeth gains access to forms of power through her father. Thus, Elizabeth serves as an exemplary erode of sexist stereotypes. Works Cited Austin, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. New York: W. W. Norton Company, 2001. Print. Frisian, Susan. The Humiliation of Elizabeth Bennett. Pride and Prejudice: A Norton Critical Edition (3rd Deed. ). Deed. Donald Gray. Newark: W. W. Norton company Inc, 2001. 356-368. Ring. Course: ENGLE 1001 (Literature Composition 1) Student: Bikini Lieder student 100048917 Instructor: Stanley File: ENGLE 1001 UDDER 3 Date submitted: June Compare and contrast the marital or romantic relationships in To Room Nineteen by Doris Leasing and Cathedral by Raymond Carver. Marriage: a legally, religiously, or socially sanctioned union of persons who commit to one another, forming a familial and economic bond (http://dictionary. Reference. Com/ browse/marriage). It can be argued that marriage is the relationship that has the greatest impact in our lives. From how our children will look and behave, to where we choose to live, marriage shapes and influences all aspects of our existence. My review will focus on comparing and contrasting the marital relationships in To Room Nineteen by Doris Leasing (1919) and Cathedral by Raymond Carver (1988). Specifically, I will compare how in each story the wife feels dismayed with her husband and married life in general, and contrast how the husband deals with their wifes aloofness and emotional distance. In To Room Nineteen, the wife Susan Railings gradually declines from a happily married woman (arguably the model wife ND mother in her circle of friends and relatives) to a tragic figure who commits suicide because she cannot escape her demons. After her last two children finally leave the house to attend school, Susan is left to herself; however, she unable to truly be carefree and alone to concentrate on herself. The following passage shows how removed she has become from her husband, unable to tell him her deepest feelings and fear: She looked at the handsome blond man, with his clear, intelligent blue- eyed face, and thought: Why is it I cant tell him? Why not? (Leasing, 875). Another excerpt that shows her inability to articulate her true feelings is her debating whether or not to admit what she has been doing in the hotel room for the past year She sat wondering how to say For a year now Vive been spending all my days in a very sordid hotel room. Its the place where I am happy. In fact, without it I dont exist. (Leasing, 887) Unfortunately, she lies and claims to be also having an affair, a shallow attempt at trying to spare his feelings. Similarly, the wife in Cathedral conceals the true nature of her actions from her husband, indicating a lack of trust ND fulfillment in the marriage. She maintains an odd correspondence with a blind man that she once worked for many years ago; her relationship with this man spans across two marriages and the method of communication is via audiotape . She explains to her husband the blind mans plight and how they are strictly Just friends; however, her behavior indicates otherwise when he finally arrives at their home. She gushes over Richard (the blind man) and embraces him as he exits his cab. The niceties continue as the converse, l have winter in my beard now, he said. So Vive been told anyway. Do I look distinguished, my dear? the blind man said to my wife. Muff look distinguished, Robert, she said. Robert, she said. Robert, its Just so good to see you. (Carver, 209-210). The husbands behavior and response to their wifes antics are markedly different from one story to the other. In To Room Nineteen, the husband Mathew willfully allows his wife to escape into her miserable solitude, by agreeing to all of her demands. For example, he allows her to hire a foreign exchange student to help out around the house, even though they have a longstanding maid named Mrs.. Parkers. Essentially the husband is exploiting his whites mental health issues tort his own gain: to have an affair and remove his responsibilities at home as a father. Conversely, the husband in Cathedral is loyal and genuinely cares about his wife to the point where he can be seen as Jealous. He questions her relationship with her blind male friend, but eventually concedes and trusts his wife and strikes a connection with the man. Marriage can bring about great Joy and terrible misery; as partners, husband and wife should be open and engage in honest communication. In both of these stories he wives yearned for more from their husbands; ultimately, the husband in Cathedral took the better approach and grew as a person and positively influenced his marriage. Unfortunately, Mathew failed to help his wife from her tailspin and she ended up committing suicide. Words Cited Carver, Raymond. Cathedral. The Norton Anthology of Short Fiction. Deed. R. Bausch, R. Classical. New York, 2006. 206-216. Leasing, Doris. To Room Nineteen. The Norton Anthology of Short Fiction. Deed. R. Bausch, R. Classical. New York, 2006. 867-890. (http:// dictionary. Reference. Com/browse/marriage) accessed June 30, 2013

What Is the Impact on Airplane Pilots Work Hours and Stress on Flight Safety free essay sample

Accuracy means something to me. Its vital to my sense of values. Ive learned not to trust people who are inaccurate. Every aviator knows that if mechanics are inaccurate, aircraft crash. If pilots are inaccurate, they get lost—sometimes killed. In my profession life itself depends on accuracy. † –Charles A. Lindbergh Accuracy includes precision, if you aren’t paying attention how will anything ever be exact and precise? The time pilots spend behind the controls of an air craft can be anywhere from one hour to fifteen hours. The first and last twenty minutes of a flight are the most dangerous and stressful time for pilots, take-off, taxiing from gate to runway and back and touchdown. After fifteen hours of concentration the pilots usually won’t have enough energy to safely land the plane. So what is the impact on airplane pilots work hours and stress on flight safety? Pilots get stressed after fifteen hours of flying this is without any other factors that distract them from work. We will write a custom essay sample on What Is the Impact on Airplane Pilots Work Hours and Stress on Flight Safety? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The article Air India Pilots Threaten Indefinite Strike tells about the hardships of many pilots in India. A large number of our members (pilots) have informed us that owing to the psychological stress that they are under and bearing in mind the safety of passengers; they will be unable to operate flights on and after April 1st, until the management clears all the dues. † (Indo Asian News Service) They later state, â€Å"Many have taken loans for their flying training, other share commitments to their parents and children, and many have complained that banks are hounding them to repay their loans. † (IANS) This shows that the people who are flying planes have other things that are also on their mind. Preoccupied, stressed out about problems at home won’t help with the problems of paying of the loans of their training. Airlines should make a conscious effort to help out pilots so they don’t have to be stressed with outside things while on the job. â€Å"Family first† a common cliche used in the world, this would explain why many pilots complain about family troubles while at work. The European Union is trying to help airline pilot. They are trying to reduce pilot’s hours from 15 hours to 14 hours at daylight and 12 hours at night. Alex Derry) The European Cockpit Association Wants still more of a reduction on the number of hours that the pilots can work. (Alex Derry) The work hours are not the same numbers of hours they are sitting at the controls. They usually work be between 8 to 15 hours a day and only 13 to 6 are actually behind the controls of the aircraft cockpit. The hours are 1 to 2 hours more for work but still create stress on the pilots. The United Kingdom currently leads the way with the least amount of time pilots can fly continentally. Their regulations allow for the maximum hours a pilot can fly to be 10 hours and 15 minutes. They are trying to get an exemption from the European Union’s vote so that they can feel their pilots are safe. It is great to see the number of countries that turn their heads to be aware of this increase. Then there are nations like Britain already passing laws to limit hours on already existing regulations. Then there are also countries like the United States that are doing research to test the limits of the human body that the world can then use. Additionally an interview by Denmark’s Politiken a pilot explained how he flew even though he felt unfit to fly as well as fatigued. The pilot comments, â€Å"I thought that I should declare myself unfit, but flew nonetheless, during the flight, I made a lot of small mistakes, but luckily nothing happened. † Many pilots feel that they will lose their job if they don’t show up to work because they are sick. A law was actually installed to make sure pilots didn’t fly if they felt unfit to fly. Still in a survey taken in 2010, 61 pilots were asked if they had piloted an aircraft when they had felt unit to fly, 80% said they had and they felt pressured to do it. Another 34% said they had flown unfit five times in the past five years. (Alex Derry) If the passengers in the plane had known this they might not have flown the plane that trip. It’s a daunting thought that as you sit in the airplane your pilot may be sleeping and you would never know about it. The ICE (Inter City Express) trains in Germany have installed petals that must be pressed every minute to 30 seconds otherwise the train will shut off automatically. Something like this maybe a good idea on planes to make sure the pilot or the co-pilot stays awake. This could also help air traffic controllers and the Federal Aviation Administration see and curve the amount of planes where pilots fall asleep. So the question arises, why do the pilots feel pressured? Workers for many airlines are under constant strain of work because or the budget cuts within the company. (Eastern Worker) Often companies seem to not acknowledge that they make their employees work so hard. What makes the company pressure the pilots? How the companies have handles the rise of fuel prices is by cutting personnel, meaning the people who are left need to work more hours to fill the spots of the people that left. To create a scenario, you fly from Gainesville to Charlotte and back two times every day. US Airways decides they don’t have to money to pay another pilot and you receive their hours too. Now you will fly back and forth four times. The time you now get to spend with your family has been decreased so you worry more about what is happening at home and you get less free time so you get less time to rest. So another pilot gets dismissed so US Airways has you running the max hours they can every day for regional flights, 10 hours. This means you spend every second night in Gainesville and one in Charlotte, unless there is an open seat on the returning flight. It is easy to see how the company can make it so the pilot could be so stressed about his or her work. A story by the Eastern Worker tells of a tragedy that occurred from lack of sleep of an Air India pilot. On May 22, 2010 a flight from Dubai to Mangalore killed 158 passengers and crew and left only 8 people alive. The pilot was suffering from â€Å"sleep inertia. † He fell asleep and didn’t wake up until the plane was on its decent. When he reached the airport’s landing strip he only had 244 meters left, he had over flown the other 2,156 meters of runway. The plane ended up hitting a wall and sliding into the adjoining valley. The black box which contains vital flight information was found and they heard cockpit noises of deep snoring and heavy breathing and an argument after touchdown whether or not to take off again. (Eastern Worker) Eliminating arguments between the captain and the co-pilot could have saved the plane but then it would depend who is right the pilot isn’t always correct. As the plane needs a certain length of runway to safely land this should be the overall determiner to whether or not the plan could land. This is an extreme case of what can happen. The pilot fell asleep for half the flight and then he wakes up and is disoriented and has a slow reaction time when it comes time to land the plane. Not all cases are like this though. In 2006, the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) and Delta signed an agreement authorizing Delta pilots to fly 16-17 hour flights between the U. S. and India. Aviation Today’s Daily Brief) These are very long hours of work for the pilots so before they are allowed to fly again they must rest 48 hours before departing on the return leg. This spied lawsuits about how long the pilots must rest the final decision lay at 48 hours minimum to 96 hours maximum. June 2008, the FAA held an aviation fatigue management conference; it was the first event ever that focused on fatigue in all aspects of aviation; whether it occurr ed aboard an aircraft, in the hanger, enroute, or in air traffic control towers. This provided scientists data to work on something. The research shows that relatively little is known about the subtle effects of fatigue on the performance of flight crew during normal long haul flight operations. (Aviation Today’s Daily Brief) The research was aimed to find three big things, to get more current data and information on fatigue physiology, develop common theories about fatigue as well as identify challenges, and finally, make connections to make new moving patterns for goods. This experiment was done using crews of airplane staff and testing their reflexes in real life situations. The were two groups, a rested group that had gotten four days in a row off after a long haul flight and a second group that had just gotten off the long haul flight. Needless to say the group with the four days of no work did better in the scenarios. The simulator they were put in made them fly a normal route with a series of operational threats to create more stress and work for the crew. The results showed the FAA what needs to be worked on to create a better performance while flying long haul flights. The results also showed the little amount we know about fatigue and the affects on humans. So what is the impact on airplane pilots work hours and stress on flight safety? Pilots are impacted by stress and long work hours. The safety of the plane is at risk as soon as the pilot is sleep deprived or under strain. Ususally this is not a problem but in extreme cases it is. I think that airline companies need to put a limit on the number of hours a pilot can fly this should be decided on by research into such things. On the

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN HUMAN SOCIETY essays

WHAT IS THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN HUMAN SOCIETY essays WHAT IS THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN HUMAN SOCIETY? Be the government a dictorcratic, autocratic or democratic, all these have one thing in common and that is to rule the citizens under its power as established by the ruling citizens and or parties. Any government form will fight to preserve its sovereignty from both foreign and domestic enemies. Based on all wants and needs of the governing party and the people associated, laws are established to tax the people and develop both a working force and militia for the society and to establish penalties for any that would violate such laws and oppose the current government. Government is a leadership from of society structuring in which a person or a group of people act in behalf of those that placed the leadership on them, be it a birth-right, family position, an election, or a nomination. The simplest form of government is that of the basic family unit. Where there is a single-family head over all the other members. The family head judges and balances all the families wants and needs based on the resources of the family and its capabilities. In most instances the head is one of the family elders who has: sound knowledge and wisdom about most matters affecting the family. The head acts for the betterment of the family and all associated with it by either marriage or other agreements. A government is a protective body set up to protect the people from domestic and foreign threats. Insuring that all citizens share the cost. A government is like a scale, balancing the needs and the wants of' the people. The government is established through individuals being elected to represent the citizens in its community, state and nation. These individuals establish laws to be voted on by the citizens. These laws are set up to protect and provide for the people. Balancing the needs of everyone fairly. The government is also the banker who collects and dispenses the money it needs in orde ...

Old ACT Scores How to Get and Use Them

Old ACT Scores How to Get and Use Them SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Did you graduate from college years ago and now a prospective employer is asking for your ACT scores? Or perhaps you took time off after high school and now have to send your ACT scores to colleges. In either case, you'll need to know how to access your old ACT scores. In this article, I'll explain how to get and use old ACT scores.I'll walk you through the process of retrieving old scores and sending score reports for any ACT tests you took long ago. Why Would You Need Old ACT Scores? Believe it or not, some employers do request standardized test scores.Most employers who look at old ACT scores arein the investment banking and consulting industries. Education and tutoring companies might also ask for your ACT scores, especially if you're applying for a job in the fun-filled world of test prep. In addition, if you took time off between high school and college, or if you left college and are now reapplying to schools, you might need to send ACT score reports to the schools you're applying to. In this case, you'll need to look at each school's website to verify whether or not you need your old ACT scores. In general, standardized test scores are not required if you graduated from high school more than five years ago. How Do You Get an Old ACT Score? There are a few ways to get your old ACT scores depending on when you took the test. If You Tested in Spring 2008 or Later ACT scores are available online from spring 2008 to the present.To view your scores online, you must have anACT account. If you registered online when you originally took the test, you already have an account and can simply log in to access your scores. If you don't have an online account, you can create one. However, you'll need to know your ACT ID number in order to access your scores. You can find your ACT ID number on your admission ticket and official ACT score report, which was sent to the high school and colleges you requested. It's an eight-digit number that begins with a dash. If you can't find your ACT ID, call ACT, Inc. to get it.Prepare as much identifying information as possible to help the agents locate your ID; this includes the following: Your full name Your test date Your home address (when you tested) Your birth date The phone number for ACT, Inc. is 319-337-1270. If You Tested Before Spring 2008 If you tested before the spring of 2008, you can't get your scores online. However, ACT, Inc. can use microfiche to find scores from as far back as the fall of 1966.If you tested before the spring of 2008, call ACT, Inc. at the number above to try to locate your scores. Again, have as much identifying information as possible on hand to help the agent find your score. You should know your test date (at least the year) and your address at the time. How to Send an ACT Score Report for an Old Test ACT scores are archived for tests taken before September 1, 2015.If a score is archived, it's not in the active file. There's anadditional $24 fee for finding and sending archived ACT score reports. Additionally, report requests for archived scores take an additional working day to process. We look at the different types of ACT score reports and required fees in more detail below. Fees for Sending ACT Score Reports As you might've guessed, fees are unfortunately higher if you're trying to send old ACT scores. Regular Reports A regular score report is always processed within one week after your request is received. ACT, Inc. delivers reports to colleges and agencies you've selected based on their preferred schedule, which is typically at least every two weeks. ACT score reports for tests taken after September 1, 2015, cost $13 per test date per report, while score reports for tests taken before September 1 cost $37 per test date per report (including a non-refundable $24 archived scores fee). Priority Reports Priority reports are typically processed within two working days after ACT, Inc. gets your request, and are delivered three to four business days later. Keep in mind that you can only send priority reports to locations within the US. Also, note that colleges that only receive reports electronically might not view priority reports any faster than they would regular ones. Priority reports for tests taken after September 1, 2015, cost $16.50 per test date per report, while priority reports for tests takenbefore September 1 cost $40.50 per test date per report (again, this includes a $24 archived scores fee). ACT Score Report Ordering Options Now that you know what types of ACT score reports you can order, how do you actually go about ordering them? You have a few options when it comes to ordering old ACT scores. Online You can make an online request for score reports through your ACT web account (which you can create if you don't have one). Note that you must pay by valid credit card. By Mail To order ACT score reports by mail, send a letter of request to ACT, Inc. at the following address: ACT Customer Care- Score Reports PO Box 451 Iowa City, IA 52243-0451 USA Your letter must include all the following information: Your full name Your fullname at the time you registered for or took the ACT (if different) Your current mailing address Your home address at the time you registered for or took the ACT (if different) Your ACT ID number Your date of birth Your phone number Test date (month and year) for which you want scores reported (include test location if you tested more than once in the same month) Valid codes and names (with city and state) for the colleges and/or scholarship agencies to which you want to send your scores Be sure to specify whether you want regular or priority reports,and include your payment in the form of check or money order payable to ACT, Inc. By Phone This service is only for priority reports, and you must pay with a valid credit card. There is also an additional $15 fee for each score report request made by phone. To send ACT priority reports via phone, call ACT, Inc. at 319-337-1270. Try to write down all the information listed above so you can everything ready when you call. Can You Compare ACT Scores From Different Years? A specific ACT composite score should roughly reflect the same percentile score and skill level from year to year. For example, a composite score of 35 today should be equivalent to a 35 in 1995. Below is a chart showing ACT percentiles over the past six testing years: Year 99th %ile 75th %ile 50th %ile 25th %ile 1st %ile 2017 34-36 24 20 16 1-11 2016 34-36 24 20 16 1-10 2015 33-36 24 20 16 1-11 2014 33-36 24 20 16 1-11 2013 33-36 24 20 16 1-11 2012 33-36 24 20 17 1-11 *Note that some scores are estimates if the exact percentile was unavailable. As you can see, the score you need on the ACT in order to get in a certain percentile hasn't changed much in recent years.You still need around a 33-36 to get in the 99th percentile, and around 24 to get in the 75th percentile. There are some fluctuations, but these are all extremely small. What this means is that you can easily compare scores from different testing years without issue. For example, if you took the ACT in 2017 and your older brother took it in 2012, you don't have to do any complicated conversions to compare your scores- you can just look at whatever ACT percentile chart is available and use that as a reference. For more information on old ACT scores and percentiles, check out our guides to scores from 2011 to 2017and scores from 2008 to 2010. You might not be able to compare apples with oranges, but you can compare old ACT scores with current ones. What's Next? For more tips, read this article onsending ACT scores to colleges. Also, learn about ACT college codes and school codes for score reports. Curious about what a good ACT score is? Check out our guide to how to set an ACT goal score. If you're aiming for a top score, you'll definitely want to learn how to score a perfect 36. Finally, take a look at this post to learn who uses ACT scores. Disappointed with your ACT scores? Want to improve your ACT score by 4+ points? Download our free guide to the top 5 strategies you need in your prep to improve your ACT score dramatically.

Harold Lasswell's theory of the socialization Essay

Harold Lasswell's theory of the socialization - Essay Example This is why even the best of governments are known as necessary evils. The difference between the society and the government is that the society has unlimited wants whereas the government is a source of the so called ‘wickedness’. For instance, Friedrich Engels attacked the state by stating that the important fact about the state on religion is that it puts the anxiety of mankind before itself. Often, it has been said that only those who are corrupted seek power. Political affairs are a much variegated web of many vices and virtues along with a small possibility of truth and false hood of every shape interwoven (Lasswell 8). Moreover, politicians and statesmen are compared to men who are skillful in juggling and making all kinds of incantations and tricks of all kinds. With this kind of men it is very difficult to escape their influence. In spite of all the evil associated with power, not everything about power is a symbol of evil. Power can be used for worthy purposes by the good and the strong. Not all those with power work for strange and cunning occults arts to gain power and keep it. As for those who believe that power is evil, the sometimes agree that not all who use power are evildoers. On the contrary, some men in power have been named as the heroes of mankind, great men in history, liberators, founders of nations and even statesmen (Lasswell 9). From this perspective, power, personality and government are judged favorably. Recent expansions and discoveries in the psychological, social and medical science have added to the knowledge of power and those who seek power. From a social political objective, there is instrumentation of democratic values. The connection between power and personality can be associated with service of human dignity. According to Lasswell, power is an interpersonal situation; those who hold power are empowered (10). As long as those in power give

Compare and contrast between a resturant in the US and a resturant in Essay

Compare and contrast between a resturant in the US and a resturant in Kuwait - Essay Example That was the direct origin of the restaurant which is a French present participle of the word ‘’restorer’’. Therefore, ‘’restaurant’’ meant, a place where people went to restore their energy and vigor and feel refueled with food. Therefore, the first restaurant which has the same concept of the modern restaurant where people sit side to side of a table and order for food from a menu and wait to be served, was started in Paris in 1782 by one Antoine Beeauvilliers who was an entrepreneur and a chef and one time cookbook writer. It is a fact without any doubt that restaurants are big business in the United States. Looking at the information from the National Restaurant Association in their Restaurant Industry Pocket Factbook of 2010, US had a total of 945,000 eating establishments which employed a total of 12.7 million workers. This accounted for a total of 9 per cent of work force in the US and was expected to produce up to $580 billion in sales in 2011 (Fredric 2010). Currently, research shows it that Americans are dining away from home than it has ever happened where they take a total 4.8 of their total meals per week away from home. Most of the American restaurants create conditions that would encourage eating food rich in a lot of calories, salt, sugar and fat than the recommended amount in a single meal. You find that the normally regarded as good stuff such as whole grains, fruits, and vegetables are often not found on the American menu. The content of food at restaurants is one big problem. Though an analysis of 30, 923 menu items, taken from 245 restaurants chains, 96% of the meals served here do not meet the standards of the USDA nutritional guidelines. Far from serving extra-large potions and failing to offer vegetables, fruits and grains except for potatoes and most meals, most of the US restaurants cover the threat by adding limitless quantities of bread or chips as well as providing free refills of sodas (Deborah 2014). In

Academic Summary Essay Example for Free

Academic Summary Essay In the article, How unethical are you? , Banaji et al. (2003) investigate four factors that result in unethical decision taken by managers: Implicit forms of prejudice, bias that favours ones own group, a tendency to over claim credit, and conflict of interest. The authors believe that the implicit prejudice is an unconscious judgment which originates from unintentional tendency to create relationships in the past. The implicit bias brings about social and economic effects which may eliminate capable people from doing the right job. Another reason is a tendency that benefits members of a group. This happens when those in minority are treated differently and less supported by the larger group only because they are a small group. Unaware exaggeration of their own talents is another influencing factor in which individuals rate themselves highly competent and exaggerate ones own cooperation in the group. Wide ranging opinions is the next factor stated by the authors which can also distort coming to a fair decision. See more: Homeless satire essay A bias in which there is tendency toward people with the same or similar idea causes disagreements and lead to unintentional immoral attitudes. Banaji et. al claim that by putting the conscious mind into use and paying more careful attention, managers would be able to confine the power of their conscious mind. They propose collecting data, shaping the environment, and broadening the decision making as the three main solutions to formulate conscious techniques. Banaji et. al point out that one way to decrease unintentional tendency is gathering information and making organized decisions. Moreover, they believe that implicit tendencies can be created by key signs in the environment. In order to reshape the existing bias, the person can put himself in an opposite situation in which the typical bias is being doubted. Expanding decision-making is another solution proposed by the authors which is achieved by disregarding your own identity when making decisions that may benefit specific groups of people more than others. Finally the authors state that managers who believe that they are unbiased must question the hypothesis that they are objective.

Can Skepticism Be Defended, Perhaps In A Limited Form? Essay -- essays

Can Skepticism Be Defended, Perhaps In A Limited Form? 1. Introduction This essay centres around what it means to know something is true and also why it is important to distinguish between what you know and do not or can not know. The sceptic in challenging the possibility of knowing anything challenges the basis on which all epistemology is based. It is from this attack on epistemology that the defence of scepticism is seen. 2. Strong Scepticism Strong scepticism states that it is not possible to know anything. That is we cannot have absolute knowledge of anything. This can however immediately have the reflexive argument turned on it and have the question begged of it: â€Å"If it is not possible to know anything then how is it you know that nothing is knowable ?†. Strong Scepticism is therefore unable to be defended. 3. A Definition of Knowledge Knowledge can be said to be information that the brain has received that meets a certain set of criteria. When someone states that they know something they must also believe that, that something is so. If they did not believe in it then how could they take it in as knowledge ?, they would instead be doubtful of it and look for evidence or justification as to why they should believe it. Secondly for someone to believe in something they must also believe that it is true. If they did not believe that it was true then what is mentioned above would not occur. So, so far it is decided that knowledge should be true belief. How does one come to the conclusion that something is true however ?. We seek justification. The justification really is the most important part of the criteria because without it one cannot say something is true and therefore cannot say that one believes. This does however bring up the question of how does something become justified ?, do we hear it from other people ?, see it on the news ?. The justification of something really depends on its predictability. If something becomes predictable then it can becomes justified aswell. For example, I know that the sun will rise tomorrow is a fair thing to say because I believe this is so, I believe this is true, and I am justified in believing this due to my past experience* of the predictableness of the sun rising each day. The only problem with meeting the set of criteria laid out above is that one must use one senses to do so and as shall be shown ... ...Britain: Methuen & Co. Ltd. Dancy, Jonathon (1985), An Introduction to Contemporary Epistemology, Great Britain: Basil Blackwell Ltd. Descartes, Rene (as translated by E.S. Haldane and G.R.T. Ross) (1969), The Philosophical Works of Decartes vol. I - II, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Edwards, Paul (1965), The Logic of Moral Discourse, New York: The Free Press. Gorovitz, Williams (1967), Philosophical Analysis, An Introduction to Its Language & Techniques, New York: Random House. Guthrie, W. K. C. (1971), The Sophists, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Hamlyn, D. W. (1983), The Theory of Knowledge, London: Macmillan Press. Harris, Errol (1969), Fundamentals of Philosophy - A Study of Classical Texts, U.S.A.: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc. Harrison, J. (1966-67). A Philosopher's Nightmare or The Ghost not Laid. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Vol LXVII. Hume, David (1962), A Treatise of Human Nature, Great Britain: Fontana Library. Presley, C. F. (1967), The Identity Theory of Mind, St Lucia: University of Queensland Press. van Inwagen, P. and Lowe E. (1996) . Why Is There Anything At All?. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Vol LXX.

Social Issue

Juvenile compensated dating and ways to tackle it It has recently arouse to the public’s attention that the issue of juvenile Enjo kosai, in English means juvenile compensated dating, has been worsening in Hong Kong. According to the survey reports conducted by The Family Planning Association of Hong Kong (FPAHK) in 2011 and the Hong Kong Association of Sexuality Educators, Researchers and Therapists (HKASERT) in 2009, 23% of school girls accepted compensated dating behavior with almost 24% among them accepted compensated dating with sexual transection; and nearly 5% of school girls had engaged in this immoral activity.School girls involving compensated dating may easily fall victim to both physical harm as well as mental illness. In order to alleviate this worrisome situation, people might propose prohibiting this immoral activity by legislation. However, it is not an entirely effective way to put an end on this issue. Rather, we have to combat with its root causes, girls inv olved in compensated dating since they have inadequate sexual knowledge, they are being materialist and they are lack of care and love.These problems can be tackled by arranging a compulsory sex education class, create a â€Å"Values of Life† topic in Liberal Studies and increase the number of school social workers. First, school girls involved in compensated dating because they have inadequate sexual knowledge. FPAHK’s Youth Sexuality Study (2011) revealed 67% and 19% girl respondents believe that external ejaculation is an effective contraception method and the number of sexual partners is not related to the chance of infecting sexually transmitted diseases respectively.School girls were lack of knowledge about the seriousness and the adverse effects of inappropriate sexual relationships. Both physical harm and emotional problem will inevitably result. They might get pregnant accidentally and they might suffer in venereal diseases, like AIDS and HIV, which are incura ble. Besides, they might lose faith in relationship and having impaired feeling of self-esteem. Consequently, they might suffer in mental illness like depression, or even suicidal thought. Their ignorance of sex knowledge led them to underestimate the vigilance of improper sexual relationship, as a result, they involved in compensated dating.Another root cause of compensated dating is school girls are being materialist. They desire for materials and money in order to show off to others or make others think highly of them. In their mind, the importance of money and materials transcend morality, dignity and chastity. The HKASERT’s survey of compensated dating (2009) indicated that 87% girl respondents involved in compensated dating to earn money to enable high consumption (for example, to purchase well-known brand handbags). School girls pursue for materialistic satisfaction, their greed for money and luxury gifts led them think these are much precious than their body and digni ty.Thus, school girls involved in compensated dating for supporting their conspicuous consumption. Apart from school girls’ ignorance and desire, lack of care and love also make a lead to their participation in compensated dating. They were lack of parental love due to various reasons like their parents had long working hours or even need to work abroad. The HKASERT’s survey report indicated that 43% girl respondents engaged in this immoral activity to look for the feeling of being loved while a huge partial among them were grown in single-parent or broken families.They might engage in compensated dating because of their pathetic background. So instead of blaming them for engaging in this immoral behavior unwisely, tackling this worrisome issue by arranging a compulsory sex education class, create a â€Å"Values of Life† topic in Liberal Studies and increase the number of school social workers are much more rational actions before the situation deteriorate. To c ombat compensated dating, most schools arrange some related talks. These talks might help to alert students about the seriousness of this improper activity shortly.In long-term, introducing a compulsory Sex Education Subject in primary schools and secondary schools could help to strengthen sex education among juveniles in Hong Kong. Sex Education has much more pressing needs than the national education. It could awaken school girls the seriousness and the adverse effect and improper sex relationship and strengthen their vigilance. However, sex education might result in the issue of compensated dating being more rampant as school girls access to relevant nowledge about the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and contraception methods. Another way to prevent compensated dating is to develop a right value among girls. They engaged in compensated dating out of avarice. Create a new topic about Values of Life in Liberal Studies could help them to build up a right values of life, dignity and chastity should take precedence over money and materials, teach them to cherish their precious bodies. Spiritual wealth is much important than material wealth. They need not compare with others or follow the trend.However, it is hard to refuse following trends with friend under peer pressure or they might isolate by their friends. Besides, arrange more group activities or hiking trips so that they could feel the spiritual happiness from friends and the nature. Nevertheless, there might not be enough time for such time consuming activities. Often, girls engaged in compensated dating were grown in single-parent or broken families, they were lack of parental love and care; therefore, deploying additional social worker at school to care the need of those girls would be an effective approach.Social workers could express solicitude by chatting and communicating with them regularly in order to give girls feeling of being cared and love. Social worker could provide professional counseling support when they seek for assistance. It is worth though it would directly increase schools’ financial expenses. The above solution could help alleviating the worrisome situation of compensated dating. The most important way to tackle this issue is not by tough measures like forcing them to stop this immoral activity, this is just a palliatives way.Instead, by soft approach, strengthen their sex knowledge, building real values of life and showing care and love to them could help to alleviate the issue of compensated dating when they were conscious of the seriousness of this immoral behavior. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Compensated dating: Men (male) give  money  and/or luxury gifts to women (female) for their companionship and, possibly, for sexual favors. (Wikipedia) [ 2 ]. Conspicuous consumption:  the spending of  money  for and the acquiring of  luxu ry goods  and services to publicly display economic power. (Wikipedia)

Investigatory Project Mosquito Repellent

I. IntroductionA. Background of the StudyMosquitoes are common pests in the tropics they have been known to cause many disease to most people. The real danger of mosquito lie their ability to transmit diseases like yellow fever, malaria, and dengue people have used various instruments control the mosquito problem in homes. The most commonly used chemical insecticides sprays. Most of these can destroy mosquitoes but they can also do serious damage to humans as well. So the researchers decide to make a new change into our lives researchers prefer a natural insecticide in is not only affordable but it is also a health caring not like in chemical it is toxic and it is not environmental friendly in this case our planet earth undergoes a global warming so instead using a chemicals we used a natural ones.B. Significance of the ProjectIt can prevent and use to kill mosquitoes in our house or anywhere it also prevent the insect borne disease like malaria, yellow fever, dengue and many more it is not hazard into our health because its ingredients is finely arranged to make this project in a good phase it has good basis to use for likewise chemical repellent is not good for our health because of the chemicals, chemical is toxic to our health. And it is environment friendly not like the chemical ones not only our health is affected when we use a chemical insect repellent but also our dear mother Earth its chemical release cfc gases (ChloroFluoroCarbon) that traps the heat in our planet and causes global warming.C. Statement of the ProblemIs a natural mosquito repellent as effective and safer to use, commercial mosquito repellents found in markets? Can it be used in long ranges?D. HypothesisThe natural mosquito repellent is more safe and effective than the commercial repellent found in markets because it doesn’t contain chemicals.E. Objectives1. To have an alternative for a chemical insecticides.2. To kill mosquitoes and to prevent diseases coming from mosquitoes tha t results in death.3. To protect your family in the real danger of mosquito like malaria and dengue.F. Scope and LimitationsThis product is not to be used in wide area because it cannot kill all mosquitoes for only one time spraying and of course it is not like the chemical ones in a trial it can kills some of those and the delimitations is it not harmful in our environment because it is an environmental friendly and it cannot affect our health because it is made up of natural ingredients made up of nature product so that it is not harmful.G. Definition of TermsMalaria- an intermittent and remittent fever caused by a protozoan parasite which invades the red blood cells and is transmitted by mosquitoes in many tropical and subtropical regions. Mosquito- a slender long-legged fly with aquatic larvae. The bite of the bloodsucking female can transmit a number of serious diseases including malaria and elephantiasis. Dengue- a debilitating viral disease of the tropics, transmitted by mosq uitoes, and causing sudden fever and acute pains in the joints. Insecticides- a substance used for killing insects.Chemicals- a distinct compound or substance, especially one which has been artificially prepared or purified. Toxic- substance means any chemical or mixture that may be harmful to the environment and to human health if inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through the skin. Organic- Any member of a  large class of chemical compounds whose molecules compound carbon.II. Review of Related LiteratureA. Related LiteratureAccording to blogspot.com , an insect repellent is a substance applied to skin or clothing, other substance it may be in solid form or in liquid form which discourages insects from landing or climbing on that surface. Insect repellent help prevent and control the outbreak of insect borne diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, yellow fever and other diseases. Pest animals commonly serving as vectors for disease include the insects flea fly and mosquito. Mosquito es have complex methods of detecting hosts and different types of mosquitoes react to different stimuli.Most mosquitoes are active at dawn and dusk but there are also mosquitoes that seek hosts during the day. You can avoid being bitten by making sure you aren’t attracting mosquitoes, using attractants to lure mosquitoes else where, using a repellent, and avoiding actions that diminish the effectiveness of the repellent. It has been claimed that it can be used as a home remedy to help speed recovery from throat or other minor ailments because of it antibiotic properties. Treatment, health benefits & side effects with Science Investigatory Project Review Related Literature About Mosquito Repellent products.Many of the sources come from our Encyclopedia of Natural Health and include relevant health topics. Uses vary, but may include Fighting Bacterial and Viral Infections, and Boost Mental Focus Utilizing Phospholipids and are non-FDA reviewed or approved, natural alternatives, to use for Chemotherapy, and Weakened Immune System. Science Investigatory Project Review Related Literature About Mosquito Repellent products are reviewed below.

Chapter 6

In the selection I have chosen Chapter 6 of Life in the Universe; The Evolution of Life on Earth begins with the theories of Darwin and natural selection and how survival of the fittest was one of the main theories of evolution of life of an organism. Although it is a good theory, and has been tested through years it is not one of the main priorities of evolution. There was a reason of an outside force that forced the funas to extinction, not because it was unable to adapt to an environment. Also the past of origin goes too far back and is so complicated that there is no sure way to point a certain time or place in the history of our origin, unlike the work of nature. For example Homo sapiens come to be through neural complexity. Human arose from thousands of events happening in time that altered our past in a dramatic way. In order to understand the drastic changes we have to understand not just the principals of evolution but to understand the theory and life styles o! Complex creatures dont mean that it has a better chance of survival and evolving into something better. Yet the simplest form of creation like bacteria still rule all with the enormous amount occupying the earth. Still the more complex we are doesnt mean we have a better chance of survival. More complex animals like dinosaurs have already been extinct, so that tells us a great deal about evolving or surviving in the future. Bacteria occupy a wider range of space on earth and are an indestructible type of organism. Humans and other type of complex organisms have to worry about their extinction while bacteria on the other hand have a low chance of getting wiped out. Even as they are simple organisms they also have the same chance as we do to evolve without the tough struggle. Comparing the two it shows that complexity was not good or favored issue in evolution. Complexity is probably a bias made by us for the reason of our b

A Timeline of the War of 1812

A Timeline of the War of 1812 The War of 1812 officially began on June 18, 1812 when America declared war against the British. Known as Mr. Madisons War or The Second American Revolution, the war would last for over two years. It officially ended with the Treaty of Ghent on December 24, 1814. Following is a timeline of the major events that led to declaring war along with the events of the war itself.   Timeline of the War of 1812 1803-1812 - British impress approximately 10,000 Americans, forcing them to work on British ships.July 23, 1805 - British decide in Essex case that American traders who travel between neutral and enemy ports will allow for the seizing many commercial ships.January 25, 1806 - James Madison delivers report concerning British interference and impressment of sailors causing anti-British feelings to arise.August 1806 - American minister James Monroe and envoy William Pinkney are unable to resolve the major problems between the British and Americans concerning commercial shipping and impressment.1806 - The British blockade France; American ships are caught in the middle, and the British seize approximately 1,000 US ships.March 1807 - Thomas Jefferson receives the Monroe-Pinkney treaty but does not submit it to Congress because it represents a dismal failure for the Americans.June 1807 - The American ship Chesapeake is fired on by the British ship Leopard after refusing to be boarded. This creates an international incident. December 1807 - Thomas Jefferson attempts peaceful coercion of the British with his embargo, but it results in economic disaster for merchants.1811 - Battle of Tippecanoe - Tecumsehs brother (the Prophet) leads attack on William Henry Harrisons army of 1,000 men.June 18, 1812 - America declares war against the British. This war is known as Mr. Madisons War or The Second American Revolution.August 16, 1812 - the U.S. loses Ft. Mackinac as the British invade American territory.1812 - Three attempts are made by the U.S. to invade Canada. They all end in failure.1812 - The USS Constitution (Old Ironsides) defeats the HMS Guerriere.January 1813 - Battle of Frenchtown. British and Indian allies repel Kentucky troops in bloody fighting. The American survivors are killed in the Raisin River Massacre.April 1813 - Battle of York (Toronto). US troops take control of Great Lakes and burn York.September 1813 - Battle of Lake Erie. US forces under Captain Perry defeat a British naval attack. October 1813 - Battle of Thames (Ontario, Canada). Tecumseh is killed in a US victory.March 27, 1814 - Battle of Horseshoe Bend (Mississippi Territory). Andrew Jackson defeats the Creek Indians.1814 - The British plan a 3-part invasion of US: Chesapeake Bay, Lake Champlain, the mouth of Mississippi River. The British are eventually turned back at Baltimore harbor.  August 24-25, 1814 - The British burn Washington, D.C. and Madison flees the White House.September 1814 - Battle of Plattsburgh (Lake Champlain). The US secures its northern border with a huge victory over a larger British force.December 15, 1814 - The Hartford Convention occurs. A group of Federalists discuss secession and propose seven amendments to protect the influence of Northeastern states.December 24, 1814 - Treaty of Ghent. The British and American diplomats agree to return to the status quo from before the war.January 1815 - Battle of New Orleans. Andrew Jackson scores a huge victory and paves the way to the Wh ite House. 700 British are killed, 1,400 are wounded. The US only loses 8 soldiers.

Organization and Management of a Health Care Facility Research Paper

Organization and Management of a Health Care Facility - Research Paper Example Under the chief of operating officer and the chief of financial officer is their various administrative staff that is considered the subordinates in the health care facility and the lowest in the organizational structure. Under the chief of medical staff is various departmental heads in charge of the different health related departments. They include the head of surgery, head of trauma, head of palliative care and head of pediatrics. Under each of these departmental heads are the staffs which include the nurses and physicians (Daniels and Ramey, 2005). The Chief Executive Officer is the hospital head in charge of all the staff in the hospital. He is also the administrative head who liaises with various chief heads to find the way forward for the health care facility. He receives advice from the rest of the chiefs and heads of departments and then makes the final decisions. He also gives authorization of budgets, people to hire and fire as well as other types of authorizations. He is the chair of the disciplinary committee which is composed of all chiefs and heads of departments (Garber, Gross and Slonim, 2010). The chief information management officer is in charge of the staffing issues in the hospital. His role is similar to that of a human resource manager and legal officer all combined in one concerned with all staffing affairs from hiring to firing and other staffing issues that may arise in the health care facility. He is also in charge of tracking of the professional certificates, tracking and handling any legal issue in the facility as well as provides monthly reports to the chief executive officer on the general functioning of the hospital (Dewan, Luo and Lorenzi, 2010). The chief financial officer is in charge of all the financial details and records in the health care facility starting from budgets, preparing and disbursing salaries and wages, handling payments from patients and purchase of

Analysis of The World Chinese Film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Analysis of The World Chinese Film - Essay Example The migrant worker has an alignment with the theme park employee in a sense they both happen to be working in the park. The migrant worker does a construction job in the park where he builds structures while the theme employee works in a park where he is able to create and recreate landmarks. Their jobs have an alignment to each other since they work within the same vicinity even though their worlds are different. Therefore, the movie best explains a tantalizing situation in which people find themselves engraved in. â€Å"Whether in their jobs at World Park or as ladies of the evening, these women are ostensibly empowered through employment but actually are marginalized and victimized by a sexually commercialized society,† (Szeto, 2009, pp.102). The presentation of the life in an urbanized setting explains various atrocities that may occur to people. The critical and cultural appraisal of the movie brings out the shows how the presentation of the issues. Both the migrant worker and the theme employee experience exploitation according to the film as it tries to show how difficult it is working in a big city where one is a stranger without city life experience. The film portrays the modernization of China from its ancient cultural society to modern China through the migrants moving from the province to the city in search of jobs. â€Å"China’s modernization and economic growth have been rapid and far-reaching even to the remote areas such as the provincial city of Datong in northeast China,† (Szeto, 2009, pp.108). From the film, the province symbolizes the ancient cultural society while the city symbolizes the new or modern society of China. Even though at this point China has not attained maximum modernization, it has an average attitude with a desire to modernize in the near future.

Marketing Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 7

Marketing Management - Essay Example An organisation’s management is the team of employees who are entrusted by the stakeholders to come up with policies and decisions that will see the firm to achieve its objectives as well as adapt to any changes that are foreseen in the market environment. Marketing myopia is a common problem facing a number of organisations as the management fails to venture and analyse the larger perspective of their industry but rather concentrate on a single objective that ends up being redundant due to the dynamic nature of current markets. A company that is a market leader in an industry can be rendered redundant if its market approach does not rhyme with the current ramifications, forces, factors and shifting trends in the market (Soman and Marandi, 2010). The failure of organisations to define their objectives from the customers’ perspective makes them be more oriented to the products that they produce and with time they will eventually lose touch with the clients since they are not responding to their needs. Customer is always supreme in any business since the company is set to meet their needs. Marketing myopia occurs when organisations chose to be product-oriented rather than being customer-oriented to serve the needs of clients thus end up neglecting the opportunities that are present in their industry (â€Å"Harvard Business†, 2013). With time, different firms will seize the opportunity and through their aggression the previous companies will be rendered redundant since their products will no longer be appealing to the customers. The essay is going to elaborate of how management makes mistakes in choosing the objectives of their organisation and in particular it will deal with the case of Blackberry (Lee, 2013). Research in Motion (RIM) the firm that manufactures BlackBerry line of products was a renowned technology giant in America during its early years since it was the only firm

Smoking During Pregnancy Health Concern

Smoking During Pregnancy Health Concern Erin Chaplin – Term Project Assignment #1 Topic: Tobacco Use  State: Iowa Objective: TU-6 -TU-6 Increase smoking cessation during pregnancy Increase smoking cessation during pregnancy Introduction Maternal smoking during pregnancy is a key public health concern in the United States. There are few instances in which environment has such a large effect on development as during pregnancy, which is considered a critical period.2 Prenatal factors have a large influence on a baby’s growth and development, and can lead to health consequences that affect them for their whole lives.2 Many women still smoke during pregnancy, despite it being well known that it puts the baby at risk of many health problems. There is a significant amount of scientific research proving the adverse effects of smoking during pregnancy, and pregnant women are discouraged from smoking while pregnant.2 However, it is reported that as many as 14% of pregnant women in the US continue smoking during pregnancy.1 Smoking during pregnancy remains the most common cause of infant illness and death, even though effective cessation methods exist.3 Public health is working toward trying to decrease the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy, but historical progress has been slow.3 Implications The period of infant development during pregnancy has arguably the most profound influence on a person’s long term health and quality of life.2 Smoking during pregnancy can negatively influence growth and development to such an extent as to determine future health and behavior of the child.2 There is plenty of evidence proving that the effects of smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of pregnancy complications such as fetal death (spontaneous abortion), fetal growth restriction (reduced birth weight), placental complications, and premature delivery.1,2,3 Smoking also increases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) after birth.3 â€Å"In 2002, 5%–8% of preterm deliveries, 13%–19% of term infants with growth restriction, 5%–7% of preterm-related deaths, and 23%–34% of deaths from sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) were attributable to prenatal smoking in the United States.† 3 Children of mothers who smoked during pregnancy also have increased risk for disease, health problems, and behavioral/ psychological issues later in life.2 There is evidence of a dose-response relationship, that increasing amount of cigarette usage is related to increased risk of defects and complications.1,2 It has been shown that nicotine crosses the placenta, and concentrations of nicotine in the baby can be as much as 15% higher than concentrations in the mother.2 There is also evidence that women who smoke during pregnancy have an increased risk of having a baby with two or more defects.1 There are a surprisingly large number of different physical birth defects that have been associated with significantly higher risk in women that smoke during pregnancy. There is a 9% increased risk associated with cardiovascular/heart birth defects.1 There is a 16% increased risk associated with musculoskeletal defects, such a limb reductions/underdevelopment.1 There is a 19% increased risk of facial defects, especially oral/facial clefts, with eye defects alone being greater than 25% increased risk.1 There is also increased risk of gastrointestinal defects and hernias.1 The most significant effects of smoking are seen in the occurrence and increased risk of limb reductions, club foot, oral clefts, eye defects, and hernias.1 There is not sufficient evidence to show an association between maternal smoking and defects of the genitourinary, respiratory, or central nervous systems, though it is possible that smoking may have some effect.1 (See Appendix B for Figure showing associations of specific defects with smoking) In the US there are approximately 120,000 babies born each year with a birth defect, which is 3% incidence per year.1 Smoking while pregnant has been proven to be associated with significantly increased risk for a variety of defects including cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, facial, and more.1 Many of these birth defects are quite serious, result in physical and psychological illness, require several painful and expensive surgical treatments throughout the infant’s lifetime, and may still result in a disability.1 In the US the estimated total expenditures for treating birth defects was approximately $2.1 billion in 2003.1 In 2004 approximately $122 million in healthcare costs for infants were attributed to maternal smoking.3 Thus it is a significant cost on the healthcare system for women to smoke while pregnant. Other studies have found behavioral and psychological associations between smoking during pregnancy and the child’s abilities later in life.2 One study suggests that maternal smoking negatively affects a child’s speech and language development.2 Another study found an association with decreased intelligence in the child at age 4.2 There are also several studies that suggest an association with increased externalizing disorders, such as conduct disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADD/ADHD).2 Cognitive function has been shown to be adversely affected in through decreased attention span, response inhibition, memory, impulsivity, receptive language, verbal learning and design memory, problem solving, speech and language, school performance, and auditory processing.2 It is important to also keep in mind that secondhand smoke after birth also increases a baby or child’s risk for respiratory disease and infections, immune system problems like asthma and allergies, ear infections, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), and cancer later in life.2,3 Trends Maternal smoking remains a common problem.2 It is reported that as many as 14% of pregnant women in the US continue smoking during pregnancy.1 For most states the prevalence of smoking hasn’t changed much over time; however from 2000 to 2010 smoking prevalence actually decreased in parts of the US.3 In a subgroup of ten states the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy decreased from 13.3% to 12.3%, and smoking after birth decreased from 18.6% to 17.2% over the 11 year period.3 Sites that showed a significant decrease in maternal smoking from 2000 to 2010 include Colorado, Illinois, Minnesota, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, New York City, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin and Wyoming.3 New York City achieved the highest annual percentage decrease.3 Unfortunately in Louisiana, Maine, Mississippi, and West Virginia the prevalence of smoking during and after pregnancy actually increased over the time period.3 (See Figures on next page showing maternal smoking prevalence in US by time and location) In 2010 prevalence of smoking before pregnancy ranged from 9.2% in New York City to 46.2% in West Virginia, with an average of 23.2% of women that reported smoking during the 3 months before pregnancy.3 At the time only New York City and Utah had achieved the Healthy People 2020 goal of reducing prevalence of smoking during the 3 months before pregnancy to 14%. 3 Figure 1 from Source 3 Figure 2 from Source 3 In 2010 prevalence of smoking during pregnancy ranged from 2.3% in New York City to 30.5% in West Virginia, with an average of 10.7% of women that reported smoking during the last 3 months of pregnancy.3 At the time none of sites had yet achieved the Healthy People 2020 goal of reducing prenatal smoking prevalence to 1.4%.3 In 2010 the percentage of women that had smoked but quit before the last trimester had increased significantly, especially in Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, and New Jersey.3 Unfortunately in Louisiana the number of women quitting smoking while pregnant actually decreased.3 In 2010 the percentage of women that quit smoking while pregnant ranged from 34.3% in West Virginia to 74.6% in New York City, with an average of 54.3% of women that reported quitting smoking during pregnancy.3 All sites with data available had achieved the Healthy People 2020 goal of increasing smoking cessation during pregnancy to 30%.3 In 2010 the prevalence of smoking after birth had decreased significantly, it ranged from 4.1% in New York City to 37.5% in West Virginia, with an average of 15.9% of women that reported smoking 4 months after delivery.3 In Iowa, from 2007 to 2012 the trend overall has been an average of a 15% decrease in women that have smoked before and during pregnancy.4 Unfortunately, despite this downward trend, there still remain 15% of women in Iowa that smoke during their first trimester, and 12% of women that smoke throughout their entire pregnancy.4 Awareness is helping, and there is now 41% of women in Iowa that smoked before pregnancy but quit while pregnant.4 Disparities Prevalence of smoking during pregnancy varies widely depending on maternal age, ethnicity, education, and health insurance coverage.1,2,3 Priorities can be highlighted based on this demographic information. In the US on average 20% of women less than 25 years old smoke while pregnant, compared with only 9% of women 35 years or older.1 Also 22% of women with less than 12 years of education smoke while pregnant, compared with only 6.5% of women with greater than 12 years of education.1 Some studies have even suggested that the percentage of women under age 20 that are smoking while pregnant has increased.2 Based on the demographic information presented in the Table in Appendix A, groups that need the most assistance are identified. It is easy to see a trend that women age 20-24, that are American Indian/Alaska Native, had 12 or less years of education, and had Medicaid coverage (low income) were more likely to smoke before, during, and after pregnancy.3 Women that were less than 20 years old, Asian/Pacific Islander, had greater than 12 years of education, and had private insurance coverage were all more likely to quit during pregnancy.3 (See Appendix A for Table showing maternal characteristics in prevalence of prenatal smoking) Conclusion Smoking during pregnancy has been a continued problem within the US. Maternal smoking has been proven to increase risk for many birth defects.1 Educational information encouraging women to quit smoking before or during pregnancy needs to be stressed.1 Educational and policy efforts also need to be targeted especially toward women under age 24, with 12 or less years of school, in lower socioeconomic groups, because they are more likely to smoke while pregnant.1,3 Efforts to reduce prevalence have only been mildly successful.3 In 2010 none of the states with data available had achieved the goal of reducing prevalence of prenatal smoking to 1.4%.3 If trends continue at the current slow rate then it could take another 100 years to reach that goal.3 Current tobacco control efforts in most states are probably not adequate to be able to reach national goals in reducing the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy.3 Appendix A Table 2 from Source 3 Appendix B Figure 1 from Source 1- â€Å"Summary of the meta-analyses for maternal smoking in pregnancy and birth defects. The pooled ORs are shown for each body system and specific defects (total number of malformed cases in brackets). CI: confidence interval† 1 References Hackshaw A, Rodeck C, Boniface S. (2011) Maternal smoking in pregnancy and birth defects: a systematic review based on 173 687 malformed cases and 11.7 million controls. Human Reproduction Update 2011; 17:589–604. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmr022; URL: http://humupd.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2011/07/09/humupd.dmr022.full Knopik VS, Maccani MA, Francazio S, McGeary JE. (2012). The epigenetics of maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy and effects on child development. Development and Psychopathology 2012; 24(4):1377-1390. doi: http://dx.doi.org.proxy.lib.uiowa.edu/10.1017/S0954579412000776. Tong VT, Dietz PM, Morrow B, D’Angelo DV, Farr SL, Rockhill KM, England LJ. (2013). Trends in Smoking Before, During, and After Pregnancy – Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, United States, 40 Sites, 2000–2010. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) Surveillance Summaries 2013; 62(6):1-19. URL: http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/pdf/ss/ss6206.pdf Muldoon, J. (2013) Percent of newborns exposed to maternal smoking, by county. IA Dept. Public Health: Vital Records and Bureau of Family Health, Div. Tobacco Use Prevention Control, IDPH; 2013. URL: http://www.idph.state.ia.us/IDPHChannelsService/file.ashx?file=787F5953-4D70-4563-A885-FCB2C9D3C185

Chaucer and the Catholic Church :: essays papers

Chaucer and the Catholic Church The Catholic Church, which governed England, Ireland, and the entire Continent of Europe, had become extremely wealthy by the late fourteenth century. The cathedrals that grew up around shrines to saint’s relics were incredibly expensive to build. The amount of gold that went into decorating them surpassed the riches in the noble’s chest. Moreover the boxes used to hold the relics were more jewel-encrusted than the kings crown. In a Century of disease, plague, and scarce labor, the sight of a Church ornamented with unused gold seemed unfair to the people. Considering the Churches great display of material wealth, it suddenly seemed hypocritical for them to preach against greed. There is a two way process where the Church has an influence on the society and the society influences the Church. This is because it is the people from the society who make up the Church. Those same people became the characters the Geoffrey Chaucer used in The Canterbury Tales. In the general prologue, various pilgrims are introduced, a Nun, a Munk, and a Friar, all remarkable figures of the Church. They represent distinct areas of Christianity, with some holding to strict worship of Christ and others clearly disobeying the laws. As the prologue continues, more characters are introduced, a Summoner and a Pardoner who represent the corruption of the Church. The Summoner is unlawful, unfaithful to the Church and engages in un-christian like behaviors, such as having sexual relations with prostitutes. While the Pardoner is a dishonest person who shows no doubts about passing off false items as the relics of saints. Basically conning people of their money by making them believe that they have sinned and need to buy pardons.

Mind My Karaoke †Music Business Plan Essay

Executive summary Karaoke is a Free Web based Application Software for pc , Smart phones and tablets. it is Initially Designer for the Indian Music Industry where people are Interested in social Networking and interacting with each other through various Mediums. Karaoke will appear close to Social networking, with a Fresh and New concept of people making their own karaoke version of their favorite latest songs from All Different languages all over India and share it With their friends and Well wishers, using it as an Recreational medium. With Increasing and Unbelievable Piracy rate in India Karaoke will help The record Companies , Artists and the Consumers as well. A Web based Application Software, where sharing Karaoke songs and Interacting with friends is new and easy to adapt and interesting as well. The Karaoke offers up to date Original karaoke tracks with good quality and voice modulating options for the amateur singer who use it as a recreation and Fun. The karaoke itself acts as an Social Networking Medium where it meets Facebook , Twitter and Sound Cloud which are one of the Top rated Social mediums in this generation to make it more Interesting. Business Idea The Increasing Piracy rate in India, especially in the Music Industry where 95% of the Music Downloaded in India is claimed to be Illegal ( RIAA report – 2010). India when Compared to the Other Countries sadly remains in the top five , with a High piracy rate in the Film Industry. The Film Industry suffered loss of  £ 450 476 000 ( INR 4000 00 00 000 ) due to Video and Audio piracy. There is drastic increasing level of music piracy through Online and Offline year by year, where there is no sign of decreasing piracy rate. The Indian Film Industry is a growing Industry where the numbers is on increase. India is the Largest producer of films according to the BBC report 2009. In 2009 India Produced 2961 films on celluloid includes 1288 feature Films. The are more than ten subdivisions in the Indian Film Industry which contains more than ten languages of Films, i.e. Hindi, Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam, Telugu, Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Konkani, Marathi, Punjabi, Sindhi and many m ore. where each state has an unique Language of their own. Minimum of 100 Movies each from the languages of Tamil, Telugu, Hindi, Malayalam and Kannada release in Cinema theatres every year. 95% of the Movies has Songs which is a typical characteristic of the Indian Film Industry. Each Movie releases a Music Album from the Movie itself containing a Minimum of 4 Tracks which helps the growth of this product. The Main advantage of KARAOKE is the increasing number of people who use social Networking and Applications for Recreations, Fun and staying in Touch with Friends. India ranks Third in the World for Social Networking users. In India now it has become a Fashion that people Express their Emotions in Public through Social Networking Thus karaoke would be an Entertaining application for them. The karaoke also offers the Original versions of the Songs for Download at cheaper Price where the Customer can buy it after Listening to the preview of the Songs. As the Application Software is designed for Multi platform it can be used in Smartphones a nd Tablets as well This makes the Application Portable and Fun to use it Wherever we are. The KARAOKE has an Unique Feature of Auto Voice tuning Option, where it helps to cut off Background and Ambience noises making it easy for the Users and it also Helps the Amateur Singers to Tune their Voice for Better Quality and Fun. It provides various Features likes gives a chance to Listen to the Original track for a Limited number of times before Buying are recording the Karaoke Version, in each purchase of a Karaoke Track it offers a Free online Lyrics Script for that Song, where people can even change the lyrics as well, not it any way of offering the Composer, Artist or the Record Labels. The KARAOKE has a new Approach towards the Music Industry where it Helps to Reduce Music Piracy in India. Where people can Buy the songs Only which they like at cheaper price instead of Buying the Whole Album. KARAOKE soles the Purpose of Interest of the Consumers from All over India who likes Songs and likes to Sing songs. This product will Grab the Kids and Youngsters as well. People in In India are connected to Internet and Social networking most of the Time. Nearly 620 330 040 Facebook Users prevail in India Ranking the Third Highest Facebook Users country in the World. So Publishing and Sharing the Product through Facebook would help and which would also Favor the Facebook. The Karaoke has a Separate Webpage which acts like an Social networking Website where people can like and comment on others Karaoke songs, give an Unique name for their Karaoke song and share them on  Facebook, twitter and Sound cloud. Though KARAOKE is Unique in its own Kind with different Approach towards Karaoke. There are Six Prevailing Competitors for KARAOKE Competitors 1. Meraghana.com 2. Redkaraoke.com 3. Taranaa.com 4. Desikaraokedownload.com 5. Karaokehindi.com 6. Latestbollywoodkaraoke.com SWOT analysis Strength – new innovation towards karaoke – works both as social networking and helps music industry from Piracy as well – low cost – latest songs – sharing with friends – can be operated through Mobile Phone and Tablets as Well.|Weaknesses – original karaoke versions released can be pirated – songs Offending the Composer and Record labels can be made – idea cannot be copyrighted | Opportunities – low cost options for single songs instead of buying the whole album – listen to the songs for limited number of times before the Download. |Threats – existing and new competition can arise with similar products – cost of Web hosting and server space in Rise | 3. BACKGROUND The Team Consists of Members with Knowledge of Music Industry in India,  Music Engineers , Application and Server Maintainers. Software Developers. Me therefore having quite a Good knowledge about the Indian Music Industry and pursuing Audio Production Course acquiring Knowledge in Both Artistic and Technical aspects and having knowledge about the Karaoke Music Interests in India will solve the Purpose. Realizing the Piracy threat and Detailed research how piracy affects the Indian Music Industry helps to bring up this Business Plan. For Additional helps and technical Assistance People will be recruited in Future of the Business if Needed. The Team shall be Expanded in Future of the Product when it goes Global when it is introduced in Other Countries, shall incur Help from the Countries Respectively for Further Assistance. 4. Ownership The Ownership of this Product this Project would Belong to the Creator of this Product and the Financier of this Project in 15 % and 85% respectively in the Profit Margin. where the Creator would be Developing the Product with Different Ideas and new Innovations making it Interesting for the Consumers. where the Record labels would have Partnership with the Composers and Artists for Making the Karaoke Version, which is Simple with the Same Original Track without the Vocals and the Record Label will have Royalty and Copyright Agreement with the Composer and Artists of the Songs. 5. Company Structure The Company Structure includes the Team and the Space for Accommodating the Server and Technical Support. Though This will be an Free Application Software the Investors Play a Vital role and they Handle the Artists and Composers regarding the Royalties for each song that is sold through the KARAOKE. 6. TEAM Once the Product is Developed by the Developers for introduced in the Market, it needs Technicians for Trouble shooting and further technical assistance during the First 3 Months of the Product Launch where the Developers will be responsible for Sorting it out according to the Agreement they Have with the Company. Software will be Further Developed and maintained depending upon  the Increase in number of Consumers. 5. THE PRODUCT The Product KARAOKE is a web based Application Software for Pc , Mobile phones and Tablets. KARAOKE is an Application Software which acts like an Social Networking web where Consumers From India can Sing and make their Favorite Karaoke Songs from All Different Languages in India. The Key Feature of this Product is Consumers have access to use Up to date Latest Karaoke songs from more than 10 Different Languages in India. The Product is Economic when compared to the other Karaoke Web downloads in India, where People can listen and choose their Karaoke songs before buying it, and they can Buy single original versions of the Song they like rather buying the whole Album. KARAOKE has various Facilities where people can sing and manipulate their voice to make it better or Hilarious according to their wish, with Various Vocal Auto Tune Option. When They buy a Song from KARAOKE, they can sing the Original Lyrics where they would be given a free online Free Lyrics script for that song or they can make their Own Lyrics within the Terms and conditions, Where any Vulgarity or in offence to law shall be immediately removed from the Web. Once they are Done with Recording the Song, they can Upload it only once through the Application, But they can keep their Downloaded Karaoke version With them. Consumers will have all access to Training and Trials on the webpage. When they Uploaded a Song, they can Upload it with different recording again and so they have to buy the Track again for Uploading and they can’t Claim Copyright for their Lyrics or the Tracks. Any Unlawful Act by the Consumers will be taken to Account where they can continue using the Product. When People report spam or any other Disrespectful to one another, the song shall be removed with further Notice. KARAOKE allows the consumers to like and comment on Others songs and can Rate on others Songs, consumers can Upload their Songs on Facebook, Twitter, Sound cloud and on the Same KARAOKE webpage as well. As KARAOKE web page acts as a Social Networking web, consumers can name their Own songs with the name they like and give a Description or Story For that songs, Where they can express the memories of the songs and Emotions through words. In The Initial Stage of the Karaoke From the Launch of the product  till it gets Familiar with the people, they get a Beneficial Package when they Invite people to the Product, they get free Songs and can make their free song and Share it, which helps the Product as a Promotion. KARAOKE is quick to Access even on Mobile phones and Tablets where they all need is Internet and the Product. KARAOKE will be Introduced as Free Subscription Application Software, Where People get a Free Songs from latest and Up to date songs on the Web, which helps them to know about the Product and get Familiar with and they are allowed to Share the song. They next Benefit they Get is, As they Invite People to the KARAOKE they get a Free Songs After Inviting 20 people as they Join they KARAOKE which makes it More Interesting for them and Which could help them more to know about the product. Where these Beneficial Schemes helps the Product’s Promotion and Marketing and makes it Familiar to the Younger generation who are Active on Social Networking. KARAOKE will Act as a Fun and Recreational Element. KARAOKE will also sell Original Versions of Up to Date songs at Cheaper price, which helps The Indian Music Industry to Fight Against Piracy. There are More than Hundred Websites which Offers illegal Download, which the Government wants to shut down but the numbers are still on increase and this Product would help Fighting Against Piracy. Later After making the Product Familiar the Product can be Redesigned to launch in different Countries. KARAOKE after a Steady success, will have a Dealership will Mobile Networking Companies, because in India Many people use a facility called caller Tune where people calling one another would listen to their Favorite song instead of the normal ring, where KARAOKE would offer that they can use their own karaoke song which they made as their Caller Tune, this would make the Consumers more Interesting where they always in a search of Something New. 6. MARKETING PLAN Having knowledge of Indian Music Industry and being aware of the High Piracy rate in India and the Attitude of the Indian Consumers who are Keen on trying something which is new to the market and which helps to Interact with one another, friends and Family. This Would help them as an Recreation and to stay in touch with each other in an Unique way like ever before. So we  understand that people need something new which would help them Forget Illegal Download and make them buy Original tracks and karaoke versions and make this as an entertainment more interesting which already prevails but not quite popular. Here Kotler’s 4Ps of Marketing Help to Address a marketing Strategy (mellow 2009). Product The Consumers want to Try something new when Products like this Launches in the Market. They are connected to Social Networking most of the time to stay in touch with One another. As People in India are Music Lovers and Movie Lovers as well they would like to try this product as well. KARAOKE is a fun Filled Entertainment and Recreational solution for the People who Love music and love to make Music where they can purchase Original tracks. This Product will have a strong connection with the Amateur singers mainly, as they want to sing songs and make it sound good just where they are, and to share it with friends, this will help them to attain what they need. KARAOKE is a simple and effective Application in which they can make their song wherever they are, all they need is a pc or Mobile phone or tablet with internet connection. Karaoke provides more Interesting options which would make it User friendly. Place As KARAOKE is a Free Version Application Software, they can Directly Download it from the Web page or through Online Application stares of their Mobile phones and Tablets. After Downloading the Application, when they need to Buy Karaoke Songs and Original Songs, they can Buy it with their Credit Cards and Debit Cards, which the Webpage would give proper Guidance. Another Important point of sale will be through Advertisement links on Facebook, twitter and Sound Cloud, where people can join and purchase the songs on go. No direct cash transaction would take place, everything would go through secured online debit and Credit card payment. Price The Product is Very Cheap and Economic when compared to its Competitor although this is a new Innovation and unique of its Kind. The Application Software would be Absolutely Free with free Upgrades as well. When KARAOKE is compared to it market competitors it is economic, where the competing websites offer monthly and Annual package of  £15 and more, which are higher than the KARAOKE, where only few Websites offer single song download which is Much more expensive than our Product. To make it comfortable for the Consumers KARAOKE offers single songs downloads at cheaper price where if people are not likely interested anymore they don’t have to lose their money. KARAOKE offers Original Songs and Karaoke Version at the same Cost where each of them would be charged  £0.11( INR = 10) which is the most cheap and reasonable cost for a Track in the Indian Market. Where as iTunes sells each song at a cost of  £0.14 ( INR = 12 ). iTunes when compared to KARAOKE, it is reasonably cheaper. As the this would be an attractive and cheaper price for the Consumers of the Indian Market. As the Competing Websites Offers Annual Packages, most of the Websites doesn’t Offer Latest songs, which is more likely to be a draw back for their own fortune. where they are more like Forcing to Consumers to purchase the Monthly or Annual Package. where as KARAOKE doesn’t gives the Consumers the Whole freedom where they can choose what they would like to Buy and Use. Promotion The Product will be Promoted in a Number of ways to Target the Younger generation. These people Mainly Include from the Age group of 16 – 35, where the Other Age Group Promotion would also take place. As the First Step of Promotion, The Application Software will be given as a Free Download where People can explore and understand about the Product. The Next step would be that Each and Everyone who had joined the KARAOKE would be given a Free Karaoke Song of their own choice which is Present on the Web. where people will now be allowed to experience the Product and share it with their Friends and get a good knowledge about the Product. The next step of promotion would be with Regional Celebrities from Different languages, will be doing a karaoke version of a famous song and will be out on the Web and social networking sites and their fan Pages ,where it will be shared for promotion, this will help the Product get popular. The Next Step would be, when people invite more than 20 people and as the invited people join, the  Invite would get a free Song again, This will increase the number of users of the product and makes it Quite popular among the Youngsters. Now KARAOKE would have Enough users and they would start liking the product as they Would start Purchasing the songs. Facebook, twitter and Sound Cloud would play an Important Role in Promoting the Product as people make their Karaoke Song and share it with their Friends Online. Advertisements on Social networking sites would take place. As KARAOKE has new fun filled Features like Auto Voice tune, Funny effects, it is quite easy to get familiar and effective with kids and Youngsters. Later on After getting steady market and Consumers, KARAOKE will have collaboration withe Mobile Network Companies to use their own songs of the Consumers as their Caller Tunes, where we would get paid by the Mobile Network companies and they would be charging from the Consumers. As Each and Every week in India more than 2 Music Albums are released so people will be more Curious about making new karaoke songs and this will add up to their Entertainment. 7. SALES AND DISTRIBUTION Primary sales would be through the Official Web page and Application stores of the Mobile Phones and Tablets. where Advertisements about new songs and deals would be Published and shared through Social networking and the Followers in them. Advertisements about the release of new Albums and updates about Upcoming Songs would be done through the Official Webpage and Social networking. As Karaoke Acts as an Social Networking site it solves the Purpose. This would take quality time to Get popular and effective in the Market as this Involves people from Different states and Different Languages from India. As the Celebrity Advertisements would help in Promoting the product will help the sales of the product in a period of Time. Distribution will be Done in the Web page and in Social Networking sites as well through Advertisements and information, where the Followers would get Up to date information’s. Distribution will partly be done by the consumers as well as they do their song and share it with others, which would be beneficial for both the Consumers and the producers. After a number of people had acquired and account with KARAOKE, the next step for the company would be upgrading the product to make it useable for a large number of  people and making it user-friendly after receiving feedback from the Consumers. 8. Competitors KARAOKE faces Competition in two Different ways, thought KARAOKE is a whole new different product from their competitors. One way of Competition would be through Existing Websites which are available for Karaoke songs Downloads. The other way of Competition would be through the Duplication of the Product and piracy of the Tracks released through KARAOKE. There are Six main competing websites, which shall be stated below and compared with KARAOKE. 1. meraghana.com : which offers a Subscription Plan for $4.95 (INR = 270.67 ,  £ = 3.05) a Month and $49.95 (INR = 2731.27 ,  £ = 30.76) a year for unlimited usage. The cost of this Product is very High for the Consumers as meraghana.com has very fer consumers. which doesn’t offer any new Songs and concentrates on a Single language from India and it does not offer any free additions like the Lyrics script and Movie Information’s. 2. Redkaraoke.com Which Offers a Subscription plan for $2.99 (INR = 163.49 ,  £ = 1.84) a Day , $6.99 (INR = 382.21 ,  £ = 4.30 ) a Month and $39.99 (INR = 2186.65 ,  £ = 24.63) a Year, where there rates are too high even for a single day subscription and they do not offer any new songs or sharing facilities and there is no add on to the Product as much. 3. Taranaa.com Which Offers a Yearly Subscription for $20 (INR = 1093.60 ,  £ = 12.32 ) a year. They do not offer any monthly Subscription or single song Download options was KARAOKE does and they do not Offer any new songs which disappoints the Consumers, and they do not offer different languages. 4. Desikaraokedownload.com it is a free karaoke songs downloading Website, though it is illegal  Downloads its Quite Popular where people can download the karaoke songs and record it separately on their own devices, where as the website does not produce any facilities for recording and Sharing the tracks. As it is an illegal download there is no proper quality of the tracks. 5. Karaokehindi.com Where Each Track Cost $5 ( INR = 273.40 ,  £ = 3.08 ) which makes it too expensive for the consumers when compared to the other competing websites, and they do not offer any monthly or yearly subscriptions as the other websites do. They offer only old songs and not the Latest tracks which could grab the youngsters attention. 6. Latestbollywoodkaraoke.com This Website Offers up to date karaoke tracks, including the Latest releases for Free, but it is illegal Download where the songs are not Copyrighted at all. The Tracks which they offer are manipulated poor Quality tracks. Though they provide latest songs the do not provide any recording facilities or sharing facilities. SWOT analysis for KARAOKE when compared to its Competitors Strengths – Can be used in Mobile phones and Tablets too, which makes it Portable. – Easy to Use and an Interesting piece of Entertainment. – Sharing Facilities on Social Networking websites. – new innovation towards Karaoke because it is unique in its Own kind. |Weaknesses – duplication of the product – Piracy of Tracks which are released through KARAOKE – risky promotional Tactics, giving free tracks initially for promotion where the Competitors don’t. – Heavy investment needed. | Opportunities – As it is Interesting for the Youngsters to use – support from music composers and record labels to promote the Product – it is a free Application Software, which acts like a social networking – young generations interest in music and making music. |Threats – new customers switching to Similar Forthcoming products. – people should afford to spend money for buying songs and Karaoke Tracks. – price / feature war with competitors – composers can officially release karaoke versions themselves, which would affect them the most again | As the SWOT Analysis compering the Competitors shows that KARAOKE offers a better deal and new interesting Elements which would attain success in market with the Younger generations Interest on it, Though it has its own weaknesses and threats, by more offers and Advertisements and Development of the Product will help the product to stand up in the Market. KARAOKE is Unique in its own kind as mentioned earlier and there is no similar product this, though it has competitors. The competing website are expensive and does not offer any New tracks Usually which would make lose interest among the Youngsters, who seek latest updates, even when few Websites offer they are Illegal downloads with Poor Quality. KARAOKE would act as a Social Networking piece, which would impress the Younger generation to spend Quality time on it, this will give back the senses to the consumers where they get used to Buying songs and Karaoke tracks for minimal price rather downloading it illegally. The Strength of the Product lies in support from the Composers, Artist and the Record labels, as this is a new Innovation where people would like to Invest and make money in return and this would pay the Royalty for the Artist and composer as well. By analysis the characteristics of the competitors has been revealed where they are expensive and drawbacks in different forms, this would give back life to the karaoke involved Entertainment. 9. Customers The First set of Target Customers are the Younger Generation between the Age  of 16 – 35 who are prone users of Social Networking like Facebook and twitter, where the people who are interested in trying new Products, that makes them happy and Interactive. Thus KARAOKE would serve as a medium for their Social interaction through karaoke tracks and their singing abilities. The next set of Target Customers will be from all age group who are Music lovers and who love to Sing, even if they are amateur singers, so this Product will do justice to users from School students to working Professionals. This Product will be beneficial to the Elderly people who are interested in singing prayers songs and other religious songs by themselves. People From Different states of India would Buy and try out Other Language tracks in which they are Familiar and interested to pursue, there are few Consumers who would know more than one language and are interested in all language songs, this product will help to solve their requirements. As there are Consumers from Different parts of India where each one has different interest towards karaoke and Social Networking as well, this would help to extend the market. As People outside India are interested In Indian Songs and Indian Karaoke Tracks, they would even purchase their likes from this Product and this will help in extending the market of the Product Internationally and Developing the Product. India ranks third in the use of Social Networking Websites. There are 62 713 650 Facebook users as per the statistics record which has been taken recently, where 48% users are from the Age group 18 – 24 and 27 percent users from the Age Group 25 – 34, which contains the majority of more than 75% below the age group of 35 which shows a number around 47 035 238. Where most of the Youngsters will be Music lovers and interested in making karaoke songs Songs when something new is projected, even when only 2% of the people are interested from the age group 18 -35, there would be nearly 311 650 consumers for this product, So this will be a sure figure where people will be interested in using the Product which is Absolutely good for a new Product during it launch. 10. BUDGET Initially the Business team ail require a Time period of Six months for  Developing the Software and Trouble shooting them, to make it perfect during the launch of the Product, it may take a month extra for Fine tuning the product for better Outcome. The Initial Investment for the First Six months including Software developing and miscellaneous expenses rather than Software Development will be  £12000 (INR = 10,68,000) and  £4000( INR 3,56,000) respectively. After completing the Product and after rectifying the Products mistakes, the Product will be ready for it Launch. After the launch we need further investments for Promotion and increasing number of users. After the Launch, The fresher’s who are new to the Product will be Given a Free song of their own choice, where it is roughly calculated with the number of consumers estimated above, which would cost about  £35 016 (INR 31,16,500) where it is a whooping investment. after they invite Twenty more people to the Web and as they join the web application, the Invite would be Giver and additional free song where the figures are calculated at the maximum and the maximum expense would be  £35 016 again. The estimated Profit Margin will start after One year of the product launch as it a new investment, where as if the Product is successful soon and has many consumers, they get back the initial in Six Months time. Advertisements for the Products will cost  £3000 which can be compensated with the money the product earns through Advertisements about movies and music Album on the Official web page. As the Product gets families the advertisements revenue for the Product will also Increase. the estimate profit Margin on the sec on year will be 30% resulting in a net profit of  £60,000. 11. INITIAL INVESTMENT An estimated Initial Investment of  £16000 +  £73 032 in six month interval respectively, a Total of  £89032 will be needed for the Product. Which would include the Web development and Server management cost including a sum of  £12000 and  £4000 for the Miscellaneous expenses, this would cover all the expenses including the labor charges and transportation. Where  £ 3000 from the whole Budget will be allocated for the Celebrity Advertisements and advertisements through other mediums. Free Advertisements of Facebook and twitter would not incur any charges where they are mutually beneficial. The projection is that at least 2% of the total social Networking circle start using the Product which will be around 311 650 consumers Using the Product. In the First Three Months 25% from the product consumers, which will have 77912 consumers will buy at least One song at a minimum rate which would contribute the revenue at  £ 8735. in the next Three months which Six months all together will have 50% of the consumer buying at least One song which would give another  £ 8735, and the product will be earning through Advertisements of the web page which will contribute a minimum of  £3000 in the first six months which will gradually increase. Thus the Initial investment needs are explained. 12. Barriers Internal Barriers The Internal Barriers which could arise is, Effective investments from the Investors with Confidence to Bring up a Good Quality Product and the Time for Testing the Product and trouble shooting may take much time as predicted to be. It could take Six to nine months for Marketing the Product through promotion and make the Product Familiar with the Consumers. This my be due to unforeseen Circumstances such as illness, job relocation, etc. External Barriers Eternal Barriers would arise by the Lack of Potential Investors, who can cope up with the Development of the product. Finding a Good Software development and server management team could also be a barrier. Technical barriers like the speed and effectiveness of the product in mobile phones and Tablets could arise. Advertisements should reach the consumers well before the product is launched. Effective Competitors, Duplication and piracy could also be a barrier. 13. Profit and Exit The profit margin for this product is gradual initially with 30% after the First year, the main idea of the product is to take it gradually producing good quality and customer satisfaction. It takes nearly one year to get back the Huge Investment on whole and does not need much investment and running cost after the First year. The main aim of the product is get a Steady and gradual market with strong Consumers. Further development of the Product will depend upon the income and expenses after the First three years. The Profit target will be  £ 1 053 432 including the expenses and charges incurred after the First year, Where the company successfully makes Profit out of the Product.